Smoking Behavior Among Schoolchildren in Permata Kecubung Subdistrict in 2025

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a global health problem responsible for the majority of deaths worldwide. One of the main risk factors for NCDs is smoking, which is on the rise among school-aged children in Indonesia. Early initiation of smoking is a serious concern because it can cause organ damage and increase the risk of long-term dependence. This study aims to describe smoking behavior among schoolchildren in Permata Kecubung Subdistrict. The study employs an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study subjects consisted of 494 students from elementary, junior high, and senior high schools selected using purposive sampling based on the completeness of 2025 screening data. The variables examined included smoking behavior, gender, educational level, type of cigarette, and smoking intensity. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 5.1% of students engaged in smoking behavior, all of whom used conventional cigarettes with an average consumption intensity of 1–3 cigarettes per day. Smoking prevalence increased with age, with the highest proportions among high school students (18.6%) and 10th graders (32.2%). Statistically, there was a significant association between educational level and gender with smoking behavior (p<0.05), with male students being more prevalent as smokers compared to females. It is concluded that smoking behavior among schoolchildren is closely related to educational level and gender, with a higher risk among male students at higher educational levels. There is a need for educational programs and the enforcement of Smoke-Free Zones (SFZs) in schools.