Kartu Tumbuh Kembang Anak (KKA) sebagai Inovasi Pemantauan Pertumbuhan untuk Mencegah dan Menangani Stunting Bayi Usia 0-24 Bulan di Posyandu Kelurahan Jabungan Kecamatan Tembalang
The Child Growth and Development Card (KKA) as a Growth Monitoring Innovation to Prevent and Address Stunting Infants Aged 0-24 Months at the Integrated Health Post (Posyandu) in Jabungan Village Tembalang District
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/ijec.v8i1.4822Keywords:
Kartu Tumbuh Kembang Anak, KKA, Pemantauan Perumbuhan, Anak 0-24 Bulan, Stunting, Pengetahuan IbuAbstract
Stunting is caused by multidimensional factors, not only by poor nutrition experienced by pregnant women and toddlers. The most decisive intervention to reduce the prevalence of stunting therefore needs to be carried out in the First 1,000 Days of Life of toddlers. Some of the contributing factors include poor parenting practices, including a lack of maternal knowledge about health and nutrition during pregnancy and after childbirth. Prevention and Management of Stunting through stunting education, fulfillment of balanced nutrition and public health, premarital education and assistance, education during pregnancy, postpartum, and breastfeeding, education and socialization about food consumption, sanitation and clean water, and community empowerment to overcome stunting through poverty alleviation. The study aims to prevent and overcome stunting, from education and the provision of KKA media as a monitoring of child growth and development. The research method uses a quasi-experimental one-group pre and post-test design to determine the effect of KKA media on maternal knowledge about the growth and development of children aged 0-24 months in Jabungan Village, Tembalang District. The study found significant changes in mothers' knowledge before and after intervention using KKA media (p-value 0.009). The use of KKA as a growth and development monitoring tool is highly relevant and has the potential to be an effective strategy in supporting the prevention of stunting and developmental delays in children aged 0–24 months.
ABSTRAK
Stunting disebabkan oleh faktor multi dimensi tidak hanya disebabkan oleh faktor gizi buruk yang dialami oleh ibu hamil maupun anak balita. Intervensi yang paling menentukan untuk dapat mengurangi pervalensi stunting oleh karenanya perlu dilakukan pada 1.000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) dari anak balita. Beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebab diantaranya praktek pengasuhan yang kurang baik, termasuk kurangnya pengetahuan ibu mengenai kesehatan dan gizi pada masa kehamilan, dan setelah ibu melahirkan. Pencegahan dan Penanganan Stunting melalui edukasi stunting, pemenuhan gizi seimbang dan, kesehatan masyarakat, edukasi dan pendampingan pranikah, edukasi pendampingan kehamilan, pasca melahirkan, dan menyusui, edukasi dan sosialisasi tentang makanan yang perlu dikonsumsi, sanitasi dan air bersih, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk penanggulangan stunting melalui pengentasan kemiskinan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk pencegahan dan penanggulangan stunting, dari edukasi serta pemberian media KKA sebagai pemantauan tumbuh dan kembang anak. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment one-group pre and post test design untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari media KKA terhadap pengetahuan ibu tentang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia 0-24 bulan di Kelurahan Jabungan, Kec. Tembalang. Hasil penelitan diperoleh terdapat perubahan yang bermakna dari pengetahuan ibu sebelum dan sesudah diberi intervensi menggunakan media KKA (p-value 0,009). Pemanfaatan KKA sebagai alat pemantauan tumbuh kembang menjadi sangat relevan dan berpotensi menjadi strategi yang efektif dalam mendukung pencegahan stunting dan keterlambatan perkembangan pada anak usia 0–24 bulan.
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