Perilaku Berisiko Hipertensi Pada Remaja di Kabupaten Semarang

Hypertension Risk Behavior In Adolescents In Semarang District

Abstract

The lifestyle of adolescents in consuming salty and fatty foods and smoking behavior can trigger hypertension. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a change in the activities carried out, everything is online and learning activities have had an effect on the formation of a new youth lifestyle pattern. This study aims to describe the risk behavior of hypertension in adolescents in Semarang Regency during the Covid-19 pandemic. The chosen method is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The sample selected by adolescents who attended high school in Semarang Regency were 121 respondents who were taken by quota sampling, using the considerations of respondents who filled in data on date of birth, sex, blood pressure, weight, and height up to the specified limit. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire through Google forms. The results of the study showed that 14.0% had smoking habits, 54,5% had sweet consumption habits, 52.1% had salty consumption habits, 47.9% had fatty food habits, 29.8% had the habit of not consuming vegetables as much as 67.8% had a habit of not consuming fruit, as much as 23.1% have a habit of consuming fast food, as much as 38.8% have a habit of not doing routine physical activity, as much as 34.7% have a habit of not getting enough sleep, as much as 55.4% did not have a balanced diet to maintain weight, and as many as 11.6% did not manage stress. The results showed that 47.9% of respondents had abnormal pressure, with details of 32 (26.4%) respondents included in that pre-hypertension category, and as many as 26 (21.5%) respondents had experienced hypertension. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures to control blood pressure by avoiding or reducing various risk factors.

Keywords: behavior, hypertension, adolescents

ABSTRAK

Gaya hidup remaja dalam mengkonsumsi makanan asin dan berlemak serta perilaku merokok dapat menjadi pemicu timbulnya hipertensi. Sejak pandemi Covid-19 terjadi perubahan aktivitas yang dilakukan, semua serba online dan kegiatan belajar berpengaruh pada pembentukan pola gaya hidup remaja yang baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk menggambarkan perilaku berisiko hipertensi pada remaja di Kabupaten Semarang pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang dipilih dekriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel yang dipilih remaja yang bersekolah SMA yang ada di wilayah Kabupaten Semarang sebanyak 121 responden yang diambil dengan quota sampling, dengan menggunakan pertimbangan responden yang mengisi data tanggal lahir, jenis kelamin, tekanan darah, berat badan dan tinggi badan sampai dengan batas jumlah yang ditentukan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner melalui google form. Hasil penelitian remaja didapatkan sebanyak 14,0% mempunyai kebiasaan merokok, sebanyak 54,5% mempunyai kebiasaan konsumsi manis, sebanyak 52,1% mempunyai kebiasaan konsumsi asin, sebanyak 47,9% mempunyai kebiasaan konsumsi makanan berlemak, sebanyak 29,8% mempunyai kebiasaan tidak konsumsi sayur, sebanyak 67,8% mempunyai kebiasaan tidak konsumsi buah, sebanyak 23,1% mempunyai kebiasaan konsumsi makanan cepat saji, sebanyak 38,8% mempunyai kebiasaan tidak aktivitas fisik rutin, sebanyak 34,7% mempunyai kebiasaan tidur tidak cukup, sebanyak 55,4% tidak melakukan diet seimbang untuk mempertahankan berat badan, dan sebanyak 11,6% tidak melakukan pegelolaan stress. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 47,9% responden memiliki tekanan tidak normal, dengan rincian sebanyak 32 (26,4%) responden termasuk dalam kategori pre hipertensi, dan sebanyak 26 (21,5%) responden sudah mengalami kejadian hipertensi. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya upaya tindakan pencegahan agar bisa mengendalikan tekanan darahnya dengan menghindari atau mengurangi berbagai faktor risikonya.

Kata kunci: perilaku berisiko, hipertensi, remaja