Hubungan Riwayat Perokok Pasif dan Peningkatan Berat Badan Saat Hamil dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/proheallth.v7i1.3808Keywords:
Passive Smoker Weight, BBLRAbstract
BBLR is the main cause of most infant deaths in Indonesia with a case size of 38.85% of cases. BBLR is a major factor responsible for about 60 to 80% of all infant deaths. The incidence of low birth weight (BBLR) globally reaches 15.5%, or equivalent to around 20 million babies every year. The type of research carried out is an analytical survey and a cros sectional design. The research population is 131 mothers giving birth in the working area of the Pakan Kamis Health Center. Samples were taken using the total sampling technique. The variables used independently were history of passive smoking and weight gain during pregnancy and the dependent variable was BBLR. The approach used in this study is retrospective. The data collection techniques used in this study were questionnaire sheets and KIA books. Data collection includes primary data, which is obtained directly from the results of interviews with respondents, while secondary data is obtained by looking at the KIA Book owned by the respondents. This study aims to determine the relationship between the history of passive smoking and weight gain during pregnancy with the incidence of low birth weight in the Working Area of the Pakan Kamis Health Center in 2024. 90 respondents (68.7%) worked as IRTs, pregnant women experienced an increase in BB less < 11.5 kg as many as 102 respondents (77.9%), baby BB at birth >2500 grams 118 respondents (90.1%) and mothers did not have a history of passive smoking 75 respondents (57.3%). Bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test using a 95% confidence degree (CI) significance level < 0.05, obtained a relationship between the history of passive smoking and the incidence of low birth weight with a p-value of 0.001 and the relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and the incidence of low birth weight with a p-value of 0.000. Suggestions on the need to improve health promotion about the dangers of passive smoking during pregnancy and the importance of gaining sufficient weight during pregnancy in preventing cases of low birth weight in the working area of the Pakan Kamis Health Center.
ABSTRAK
BBLR merupakan penyebab utama sebagian besar kematian bayi di indonesia dengan besaran kasus sebanyak 38,85% kasus. BBLR merupakan faktor utama yang bertanggung jawab atas sekitar 60 hingga 80% dari semua kematian bayi. Angka kejadian berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) secara global mencapai 15,5%, atau setara dengan sekitar 20 juta bayi setiap tahunnya. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu survei analitik dan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu melahirkan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pakan Kamis sebanyak 131 orang. Sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Variabel yang digunakan independent yaitu Riwayat Perokok pasif dan peningkatan berat badan saat hamil dan variabel dependen yaitu BBLR. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah secara retrospektif. Teknik pengumpulan data digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah lembar kuesioner dan buku KIA. Pengumpulan data meliputi data primer yaitu diperoleh langsung dari hasil wawancara kepada responden sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dengan melihat Buku KIA yang dimiliki oleh responden. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui Hubungan Riwayat perokok pasif dan Peningkatan Berat Badan Saat Hamil Dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakan Kamis Tahun 2024. Analisa univariat didapatkan mayoritas pendidikan ibu yaitu SMA atau sederajat 65 responden (49,6%), ibu bekerja sebagai IRT 90 responden (68,7%), ibu hamil mengalami peningkatan BB kurang < 11,5 kg sebanyak 102 responden (77,9%),BB bayi saat lahir >2500 gram 118 responden (90,1%) dan Ibu tidak memiliki riwayat perokok pasif 75 responden (57,3%). Analisa bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan menggunakan derajat kepercayaan (CI) 95% tingkat kemaknaan < 0,05, didapatkan hubungan riwayat perokok pasif dengan kejadian berat badan lahir rendah dengan nilai p-value 0,001 dan hubungan peningkatan berat badan saat hamil dengan kejadian berat badan lahir rendah dengan nilai p-value 0,000. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan riwayat perokok pasif dan peningkatan berat badan saat hamil dengan kejadian berat badan lahir rendah di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakan Kamis.Saran perlunya meningkatkan promosi kesehatan tentang bahaya perokok pasif saat hamil dan pentingnya peningkatan berat badan cukup saat hamil dalam mencegah terjadinya kasus berat badan lahir rendah di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pakan Kamis.
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