Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 di Kabupaten Semarang
Analysis of Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding During the Covid 19 Pandemic in Semarang Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/ijm.v6i1.2556Abstract
Supporting mothers to continue breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic is still a public health issue. Globally, breastfeeding is recommended to be continued during the pandemic to improve infant health and immunity. Breastfeeding practices are influenced by several factors including culture, economic level, sociodemographic conditions, as well as decisions regarding breastfeeding are influenced by psychosocial factors and other policies. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding during the Covid 19 pandemic in Semarang Regency.The type of research chosen was observational analytics with a cross-sectional study approach. The population in this study were all mothers who had babies aged 6-36 months in Pabelan District with a sample of 119 respondents. Data collection was carried out by interviewing and filling out questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out in stages, starting with univariate analysis, bivariate using chi-square test followed by multivariate. The results of the bivariate test showed that there were 3 variables related to exclusive breastfeeding, namely family support (p=0.029), information sources (p=0.038), and work (p=0.048). The results of multivariate logistic regression obtained maternal employment variable (p=0.018) with relationship strength of 2,745. This shows that respondents who work have a 2.74 times greater chance of not providing exclusive breast milk compared to those who do not work
Abstrak
Dukungan ibu untuk terus menyusui selama pandemi COVID-19 masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Secara global, pemberian ASI direkomendasikan untuk dilanjutkan selama pandemi untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dan kekebalan bayi. Praktik menyusui dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor termasuk budaya, tingkat ekonomi, kondisi sosiodemografis, juga keputusan mengenai menyusui dipengaruhi oleh faktor psikososial dan kebijakan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada masa pandemi Covid 19 di Kabupaten Semarang. Jenis penelitian yang dipilih adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan studi cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 6-36 bulan di Kecamatan Pabelan dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 119 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan secara bertahap, yaitu diawali dengan analisis univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dilanjutkan multivariat. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan terdapat 3 variabel yang berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI secara ekslusif, yaitu dukungan keluarga (p=0,029), sumber informasi (p=0,038), dan pekerjaan (p=0,048). Hasil regresi logistik multivariat didapatkan variabel pekerjaan ibu (p=0,018) dengan kekuatan hubungan sebesar 2.745. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa responden yang bekerja mempunyai peluang sebesar 2,74 kali lebih besar untuk tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif dibanding dengan yang tidak bekerja.
Downloads
References
Anatolitou F. Human Milk Benefits and Breastfeeding. J. Pediatr. Neonatal Individ. Med. 2012;1:11–18. doi: 10.7363/010113. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Arifin DZ, Irdasari SY, Sukandar H. Analisis Sebaran dan Faktor Risiko Stunting pada Balita di Kabupaten Purwakarta. Epidemiologi Komunitas. Bandung: FKUP; 2012.
Astari LD, Nasoetion A, Dwiriani, CM. 2015. Hubungan Karakteristik Keluarga, Pola Pengasuhan dan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 6-12 Bulan. Media Gizi dan Keluarga. 2015; 29(2):40-6
El-Gilany, A. (2020). COVID-19 and Breastfeeding. Asp Biomed Clin Case Rep, 3(2), 102-105.
Global Citizen Increased Breastfeeding Could Save 800,000 Children around the World, UNICEF Says. [(accessed on 20 December 2022)]. Available online: https://www.globalcitizen.org/es/content/breastfeeding-saves-children-unicef/
Hasanah D.R., Putri N.K., Pramono A.Y. Effectiveness of Forming Breastfeeding Support Group Program to Improve Exclusive Breastfeeding. JAKI. 2020;8:5. doi: 10.20473/jaki.v8i1.2020.5-19. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Kelishadi R., Farajian S. The Protective Effects of Breastfeeding on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood: A Review of Evidence. Adv. Biomed. Res. 2014;3:3. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.124629. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Panduan Bagi Ibu Menyusui (yang sedang melakukan isolasi mandiri) Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI.
Kemenkes RI. Dashboard Kasus Covid-19 Di Indonesia. 2020.
Khan M.N., Islam M.M. Effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Selected Adverse Health and Nutritional Outcomes: A Nationally Representative Study. BMC Public Health. 2017;17:889. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4913-4. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Latorre G., Martinelli D., Guida P., Masi E., De Benedictis R., Maggio L. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on Exclusive Breastfeeding in Non-Infected Mothers. Int. Breastfeed. J. 2021;16:36. doi: 10.1186/s13006-021-00382-4. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Lubbe W., Botha E., Niela-Vilen H., Reimers P. Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 Pandemic–a Literature Review for Clinical Practice. Int. Breastfeed. J. 2020;15:82. doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-00319-3
Notoatmodjo S. Ilmu Perilaku Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta; 2014
Novita, Regina VT, dkk. (2020). Panduan Telekonseling Pemberian Makan Bayi dan Anak. Kemenkes RI dan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung
Pacheco, F., Sobral, M., Guiomar, R., de la Torre-Luque, A., Caparros-Gonzalez, R., & Ganho-Ávila, A. (2021). Breastfeeding during COVID-19: A narrative review of the psychological impact on mothers. Behavioral Sciences, 11(3), 34. doi:http://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2254/10.3390/bs11030034
Priscilla V., Novrianda D. Dukungan Suami terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lubuk Kilangan Kota Padang Tahun 2011. NERS J. Keperawatan. 2014;10:197–209. doi: 10.25077/njk.10.2.197-209.2014. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Raj V.K., Plichta S.B. The Role of Social Support in Breastfeeding Promotion: A Literature Review. J. Hum. Lact. 1998;14:41–45. doi: 10.1177/089033449801400114. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Rollins N.C., Bhandari N., Hajeebhoy N., Horton S., Lutter C.K., Martines J.C., Piwoz E.G., Richter L.M., Victora C.G. Why Invest, and What It Will Take to Improve Breastfeeding Practices? Lancet. 2016;387:491–504. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01044-2.
Sakti, E. S. (2018). Menyusui Sebagai dasar kehidupan Tema Pekan ASI Sedunia 1-7 Agustus 2018. Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Informasi.
Sampe, dkk (2020), Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, DOI: 10.35816/jiskh.v10i2.314.
Sastroasmoro, Sudigdo (2014). Dasar - dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Edisi 5. Jakarta: Penerbit Sabung Seto
UNICEF. (2018). Level and trends in child malnutrition. New York: UNICEF: Editorial and Publications.
Wolfberg A.J., Michels K.B., Shields W., O’Campo P., Bronner Y., Bienstock J. Dads as Breastfeeding Advocates: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial of an Educational Intervention. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2004;191:708–712. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.05.019. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright notice:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
