Prevalensi dan Faktor-Faktor Terkait Depresi Postpartum di Kabupaten Buleleng
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Postpartum Depression in Buleleng Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/ijm.v8i2.4468Keywords:
Postpartum Depression, Postpartum, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Early Detection, Perinatal Mental HealthAbstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) comprises a cluster of depressive symptoms experienced by women within the first year after childbirth and represents a significant public mental health issue. The objective to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, PPD in Buleleng Regency in 2024. A cross-sectional study was conducted among postpartum women within 12 months of delivery between January and August 2024. A total of 317 participants were recruited using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Indonesian version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed in SPSS. Univariate analyses summarized respondent characteristics and PPD prevalence, while bivariate associations were examined using Chi-square tests and expressed as crude odds ratios (cOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The Results are The highest prevalence of depressive symptoms occurred among women aged >35 years (39.1%), followed by those aged <20 years (22.2%), and was lowest in the 20–35-year group (5.3%). Preterm delivery was strongly associated with PPD compared with term delivery (cOR 61.87; 95% CI 21.25–180.11; p<0.001). Lack of partner support was also associated with higher odds of PPD (cOR 5.49; 95% CI 1.78–16.90; p<0.01). The findings highlight the need for routine EPDS screening, strengthening partner support, and closer monitoring of mothers with obstetric risk factors.
Abstrak
Depresi Postpartum (DPP) mengikutsertakan beberapa gejala depresi umum yang terjadi pada perempuan ditahun pertama setelah melahirkan dan menjadi masalah kesehatan mental yang signifikan di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor terkait Depresi Postpartum di Kabupaten Buleleng Tahun 2024. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian cross sectional dengan populasi ibu nifas dalam 12 bulan terakhir di Kabupaten Buleleng, dilakukan pada Januari sampai Agustus 2024. Jumlah sampel 317 dengan teknik purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) versi Indonesia. Analisa data dilakukan menggunakan program analisis statistik SPSS. Analisis univariat menghitung statistik deskriptif seperti frekuensi dan persentase untuk karakteristik responden dan menentukan prevalensi gejala DPP. Uji bivariat dengan Chisquare dengan hasil prevalensi depresi tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok usia >35 tahun (39,1%), diikuti kelompok usia <20 tahun (22,2%), dan terendah pada kelompok usia 20-35 tahun (5,3%). Ibu dengan preterm memiliki peluang depresi yang jauh lebih tinggi dibanding aterm (cOR 61,87 dengan 95%CI 21-25-180.11; p<0,001). Ketiadaan dukungan pasangan juga berhubungan dengan peluang depresi yang lebih tinggi (cOR 5,49 dengan 95%CI 1,78–16,90; p<0,01). Temuan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya skrining rutin (EPDS), penguatan dukungan pasangan, dan pemantauan lebih ketat pada ibu dengan risiko obstetrik.
Downloads
References
Alam, M.M., Haque, T., Uddin, K.M.R., Ahmed, S., Islam, M.M., Hawlader, M.D.H., 2021. The prevalence and determinants of postpartum depression (PPD) symptomatology among facility delivered mothers of Dhaka city. Asian J Psychiatr 62, 102673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102673
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2018. ACOG committee opinion # 757: screening for perinatal depression., 5th ed. Obstet Gynecol.
American Psychiatric Association, 2013. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington. VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Azad, R., Fahmi, R., Shrestha, S., Joshi, H., Hasan, M., Khan, A.N.S., Chowdhury, M.A.K., Arifeen, S. El, Billah, S.M., 2019. Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression within one year after birth in urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. PLoS One 14, e0215735. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215735
Coast, E., Leone, T., Hirose, A., Jones, E., 2012. Poverty and postnatal depression: a systematic mapping of the evidence from low and lower middle income countries. Health Place 18, 1188–1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.05.004
Cox, J.L., Holden, J.M., Sagovsky, R., 1987. Detection of Postnatal Depression. British Journal of Psychiatry 150, 782–786. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.6.782
Engle, P.L., 2009. Maternal mental health: program and policy implications. Am J Clin Nutr 89, 963S-966S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26692G
Every Woman Every Child, 2015. The global strategy for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health (2016–2030.
Health Service Executive, 2016. Postnatal Depression: A guide for mothers, family and friends. Postnatal Depression Ireland.
Hukill, J.F., Blanco, M.A., ElSeed Peterson, E.E., Torres, C.M., 2024. Maternal Postpartum Depression Screening and Early Intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Adv Pediatr. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yapd.2024.01.004
Islam, Md.J., Baird, K., Mazerolle, P., Broidy, L., 2017. Exploring the influence of psychosocial factors on exclusive breastfeeding in Bangladesh. Arch Womens Ment Health 20, 173–188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-016-0692-7
José María Ceriani Cernadas, 2020. Postpartum depression: Risks and early detection. Arch Argent Pediatr 118. https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2020.eng.154
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright notice:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)
