Efektivitas Antibakteri Kurkumin dan Asam Tanat terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli in vitro
Antibacterial Effectiveness of Curcumin and Tannic Acid against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/ijpnp.v7i01.2997Keywords:
antibakteri, kurkumin, asam tanat, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliAbstract
Some bioactive compounds were isolated and identified from medicinal herbs. Some of bioactive compounds have been used for both health and science. Curcumin and tannic acid are active compounds with antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. This research aims to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of curcumin and tannic acid against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro. This research is quantitative research with experimental research methods. The antibacterial sensitivity test was carried out in vitro using the Kirby-Bauer disc method. The positive control is the antibiotic ciprofloxacin 50 μg/ml, and the negative control is the DMSO 1% solution. Data analysis used Kruskal-Wallis Test. The research showed that tannic acid 2% provides an average inhibitory zone of 25 mm compared to curcumin (19.67 mm) against S. aureus. Tannic acid 2% provides an average inhibitory zone of 15 mm compared to curcumin (7 mm) against Escherichia coli. Statistical analysis shows a difference in antibacterial effectiveness between tannic acid and curcumin in S. aureus (p-value 0,034) and E. coli (p-value 0,025). The coclusion in this research is tannic acid compounds had stronger bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro than curcumin compounds
ABSTRAK
Senyawa aktif berhasil diisolasi dari tumbuhan obat sudah banyak ditemui sekarang ini. Beberapa diantaranya telah digunakan untuk kesehatan maupun pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Kurkumin dan asam tanat diketahui mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri kurkumin dan asam tanat terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli secara in vitro. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian eksperimental. Uji sensitivitas antibakteri dilakukan secara in vitro dengan metode cakram disc Kirby-Bauer. Kontrol positif yaitu antibiotik siprofloksasin 50 μg/ml dan kontrol negatif larutan DMSO 1%. Analisa data menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan asam tanat pada konsentrasi 2% memberikan daya hambat rata – rata 25 mm dibandingkan kurkumin yaitu 19,67 mm terhadap S. aureus. Asam tanat pada konsentrasi 2% memberikan daya hambat rata – rata 15 mm dibandingkan kurkumin yaitu 7 mm terhadap E. coli. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan efektivitas antibakteri antara asam tanat dengan kurkumin pada S. aureus (p-value 0,034) dan E. coli (p-value 0,025). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah asam tanat mempunyai aktivitas bakteri yang lebih kuat terhadap bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli dibandingkan kurkumin secara in vitro
References
Aly, M. M., & Gumgumjee, N. M. (2011). Antimicrobial efficacy of Rheum palmatum, Curcuma longa and Alpinia officinarum extracts against some pathogenic microorganisms. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(56), 12058-12063.
Dakheel, M. M., Atshan, O. F., & Abdulwahed, A. A. (2021). Nutritional comparison of different levels of pomegranate peel extracts on production values and performance in female rabbits. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(6), 4094-4110.
Hamdi Abdulkareem, M., Abbas Abood, I., & Munis Dakheel, M. (2022). Antimicrobial Resistance of Tannin Extract against E. coli Isolates from Sheep. Archives of Razi Institute, 77(2), 697–701. https://doi.org/10.22092/ARI.2022.356982.1955
Haslam, E., Lilley, T. H., Cai, Y., Martin, R., & Mangnolato, D. (1989). Traditional herbal medicines-the role of polyphenols. Planta medica, 55(01), 1-8.
Hayakawa, H., Minaniya, Y., Ito, K., Yamamoto, Y., & Fukuda, T. (2011). Difference of curcumin content in Curcuma longa L.(Zingiberaceae) caused by hybridization with other Curcuma species. American journal of plant sciences, 2(02), 111.
Jang, J., Hur, H. G., Sadowsky, M. J., Byappanahalli, M. N., Yan, T., & Ishii, S. (2017). Environmental Escherichia coli: ecology and public health implications—a review. Journal of applied microbiology, 123(3), 570-581.
Kurniawan, I., & Zahra, H. (2021). Gallotannins; Biosynthesis, Structure Activity Relationship, Anti-inflammatory and Antibacterial Activity. Current Biochemistry, 8(1), 1-16.
Mahtuti, E. Y. (2004). Pengaruh Daya Antimikroba Asam Tanat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Salmonela typhii Secara In Vitro. Universitas Airlangga Surabaya.
Min, B. R., Pinchak, W. E., Anderson, R. C., & Callaway, T. R. (2007). Effect of tannins on the in vitro growth of Escherichia coli O157: H7 and in vivo growth of generic Escherichia coli excreted from steers. Journal of food protection, 70(3), 543-550.
Otto, M. (2014). Staphylococcus aureus toxins. Current opinion in microbiology, 17, 32-37.
Payne, D. E., Martin, N. R., Parzych, K. R., Rickard, A. H., Underwood, A., & Boles, B. R. (2013). Tannic acid inhibits Staphylococcus aureus surface colonization in an IsaA-dependent manner. Infection and immunity, 81(2), 496–504. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00877-12
Rusita, Y. D., Lukito, P. I., Purwasih, R., & Indriani, R. (2019, November). Comparison of Tannin Concentration on Fresh and Dried Tea Leaf (Camelia sinensis L.) Extract Using UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method. In Proceeding of International Conference on Science, Health, And Technology (pp. 7-9).
Salminen, J. P., & Karonen, M. (2011). Chemical ecology of tannins and other phenolics: we need a change in approach. Functional ecology, 25(2), 325-338.
