Hambatan Rujukan pada Kasus Kegawatdaruratan Maternal
Keywords:
Refferal Barriers, Cases of Maternal, EmergencyAbstract
Neonatal maternal mortality is a global issue in both developing and developing countries. Indonesia as a developing country in Southeast Asia still has quite high Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) compared to other ASEAN countries according to Supas in 2015. Pregnancy and childbirth are physiological matters, but around 10-15% have the potential experiencing complications. About 75% of maternal deaths are caused by postpartum hemorrhage, infections experienced during postpartum, high blood pressure during pregnancy (preeclampsia / eclampsia) and prolonged / obstructed labor. Quality health services that are ready within 24 hours are needed to save the lives of mothers and their babies. But in reality there are many obstacles, obstacles and delays in handling obstetric emergency cases so that there are still many maternal and infant deaths. Emergency obstetric cases require immediate treatment in adequate health facilities so referrals are often made. The method used in writing this article is a literature review. The criteria of this article are fuultext published from 2010-2020. Based on seven studies, it was found that referral barriers to maternal emergencies were due to problems with financing, transportation, distance, lack of communication by health workers, lack of understanding of health workers towards the referral system. Three being late is still the main key to the ineffectiveness of the referral system. Competent health workers, availability of transportation and orderly population administration are efforts to overcome obstacles or obstacles in the referral system.
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Abstrak
Kematian maternal neonatal merupakan issue global baik di negara berkembang maupun sedang berkembang. Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang di Asia Tenggara masih memiliki Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) yang cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan negara ASEAN lain menurut Supas Tahun 2015. Kehamilan dan persalinan merupakan hal yang fisiologis, tetapi sekitar 10-15% berpotensi mengalami komplikasi. Sekitar 75% kematian ibu disebabkan oleh perdarahan pasca salin, infeksi yang dialami selama pasca salin, tekanan darah tinggi saat kehamilan (preeklampsia/eklampsia) dan partus lama/macet. Kualitas pelayanan kesehatan yang siap dalam waktu 24 jam diperlukan guna menyelamatkan nyawa ibu dan bayinya. Tetapi dalam kenyataannya banyak terjadi kendala, hambatan maupun keterlambatan dalam penanganan kasus kegawatdaruratan obstetri sehingga kematian ibu dan bayi masih banyak. Kasus kegawatdaruratan obstetri memerlukan penanganan segera di fasilitas kesehatan yang memadai sehingga sering dilakukan rujukan.Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah literature review. Kriteria dari artikel ini adalah fuultext yang diterbitkan dari Tahun 2010-2020. Berdasarkan tujuh penelitian didapatkan bahwa hambatan rujukan pada kegawatdaruratan maternal dikarenakan masalah pembiayaan, transportasi, jarak, kurang komunikasi tenaga kesehatan, kurang pemahaman nakes terhadap system rujukan. Tiga terlambat masih menjadi kunci utama tidak efektifnya system rujukan. Tenaga kesehatan yang kompeten, ketersediaan transportasi dan tertib administrasi kependudukan menjadi salah satu upaya mengatasi kendala atau hambatan dalam system rujukanReferences
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